Effectiveness of Contraception

The effectiveness of contraception is measured by the number of pregnancies that occur per 100 women who use that method of contraception for one year. This is called the Pearl Index. The Pearl Index is a measure of the theoretical effectiveness of contraception, not the real-world effectiveness.

Factors Affecting Contraceptive Effectiveness

There are a number of factors that can affect the effectiveness of contraception, including:

• Human error: This includes things like forgetting to take the pill, using a condom incorrectly, or not using spermicide with a diaphragm.
• Medical conditions: Some medical conditions, such as certain types of cancer, can make it more difficult for some forms of contraception to be effective.
• Medications: Some medications can interact with birth control and make it less effective.

Effectiveness of Different Types of Contraception

The effectiveness of different types of contraception varies. The most effective forms of contraception are:

• Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): IUDs are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus by a doctor. They prevent pregnancy by preventing sperm from reaching an egg. IUDs are available in two types: hormonal IUDs and copper IUDs.
• Hormonal Implants: Hormonal implants are small rods that are inserted under the skin of the upper arm. They release hormones that prevent ovulation. Hormonal implants are effective for up to three years.
• Sterilization: Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control. It can be done through surgery or through a non-surgical procedure.

Less Effective Forms of Contraception

The least effective forms of contraception are:

• Withdrawal: Withdrawal is the act of pulling out before ejaculation. It is not a reliable form of birth control.
• Spermicide: Spermicide is a chemical that kills sperm. It is available in a variety of forms, including creams, foams, and gels. Spermicide can be used alone or with other barrier methods.
• Diaphragms: Diaphragms are dome-shaped devices that are inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. They cover the cervix, preventing sperm from entering the uterus. Diaphragms must be used with spermicide.

Choosing the Right Contraception

The best type of contraception for you will depend on your individual needs and circumstances. Talk to your doctor about the different types of contraception available to help you choose the one that is right for you.

Additional Information

• Side Effects: All forms of contraception can have side effects. Some common side effects include headaches, nausea, and weight gain.
• Cost: The cost of contraception varies depending on the type of contraception and where you get it. Some forms of contraception are available for free or at a low cost.

Conclusion

Contraception is an important tool for family planning. However, it is important to remember that no form of contraception is 100% effective. If you are concerned about becoming pregnant, it is important to talk to your doctor about the best way to protect yourself.

Additional Resources