Hormonal contraception works by preventing the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation). It can also thicken the mucus in the cervix, making it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg. Hormonal contraception is available in a variety of forms, including:

• The Pill: The pill is a hormonal contraceptive that is taken orally. It is available in two types: the combined pill and the progestin-only pill. The combined pill contains both estrogen and progestin, while the progestin-only pill contains only progestin.
• The Patch: The patch is a hormonal contraceptive that is applied to the skin once a week. It releases hormones through the skin into the bloodstream.
• The Ring: The ring is a hormonal contraceptive that is inserted into the vagina once a month. It releases hormones through the vaginal walls into the bloodstream.
• The Shot: The shot is a hormonal contraceptive that is injected into the muscle of the upper arm every three months.
• The Implant: The implant is a hormonal contraceptive that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases hormones continuously for up to three years.

Barrier Contraception

Barrier contraception works by physically preventing sperm from reaching an egg. Barrier methods include:

• Condoms: Condoms are thin, sheaths that are placed over the penis before sexual intercourse. They prevent sperm from entering the vagina. Condoms are available in both male and female forms.
• Diaphragms: Diaphragms are dome-shaped devices that are inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. They cover the cervix, preventing sperm from entering the uterus. Diaphragms must be used with spermicide.
• Spermicide: Spermicide is a chemical that kills sperm. It is available in a variety of forms, including creams, foams, and gels. Spermicide can be used alone or with other barrier methods.

Other Types of Contraception

• Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): IUDs are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus by a doctor. They prevent pregnancy by preventing sperm from reaching an egg. IUDs are available in two types: hormonal IUDs and copper IUDs.
• Emergency Contraception: Emergency contraception is taken after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. It is most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

Choosing the Right Contraception

The best type of contraception for you will depend on your individual needs and circumstances. Talk to your doctor about the different types of contraception available to help you choose the one that is right for you.

Additional Information

• Effectiveness: All forms of contraception are not 100% effective. The effectiveness of contraception depends on how it is used and the individual.
• Side Effects: All forms of contraception can have side effects. Some common side effects include headaches, nausea, and weight gain.
• Cost: The cost of contraception varies depending on the type of contraception and where you get it. Some forms of contraception are available for free or at a low cost.

Conclusion

Contraception is an important tool for family planning. There are many different types of contraception available, so it is important to talk to your doctor about the best option for you.